July 1857

Clean and prepare the ground where your early crops of cauliflowers and cabbages grow, and also any other vacant spots, in order to receive such seeds and plants as are proper to supply the table with good vegetable productions in autumn and winter.

Your crops of melons and cucumborg should now be kept very clean and free from weeds, the spaces betweon the bills must be caro fully hoed in dry weather without injuring the vines; also, hoe and weed the crops of water-melons, squashes, pumpkins, do, for unless they are kept perfectly clean, good fruit and numerous productions cannot be expected.

The first week of this month is a very proper time in the middle States to sory a prinoipal crop of melons for mangoes; they are to b sown and managed as directed on pages 382 and 421. smooth musk-melon is generally sown for that purpose. The long,

Sow in the first week or ten days of this month, a general orop o cucumbers for pickling, and treat them in every respect as directed for like crops in May and June. The long green Turkey cuumber is preferred by many for this purpose, but it is not very prolifio; the long and short prickly, and particularly the green cluster cucumber being great bearers, will be more profitable, and are equally good for use. Some of the early frame or short prickly kinds may be sown in the middle or any time in the month for a late crop.

Take advantage of moist or cloudy weather, and plant out your late crops of cabbages, savoys, borecole, broccoli, turnip-cabbage, Brussels sprouts, Jerusalem kale, and any other of the cabbage tribe that you wish to cultivate; let them be planted as directed in the former months, and immediately watered, which must be frequently repeated till they are newly rooted and in a free growing state. laying of a fresh cabbage leaf over each plant when set, will ntorc protection from the sun for a few days, which will be of considerable Bervice. Some seed of the green curled borecole may now be sorn for a late crop.

Plant out, to supply the table early in autumn, a sufficient quan tity of the best and stoutest endive; it requires a good, strong, and (at this season) moist ground; if well dunged, it will be an additional advantage. Put in the plants a foot asunder every way, and water them immediately, which repeat every evening till the plants have taken root. Sow endive seed in an open, cool, and moist situation, two or three times this month, for the greater certainty of procuring a regula supply; let it be of the curled kind, an sown tolerably thin, for when the plants grow too close it the seed-beds, they are more sub- Jeet to start soon to seed than if they had been raised at moderate distances.

Give occusional waterings to the seed-beda, both before and after the plants appear, which will greatly encourage their fice growth. JuIx] • 461

Tou may plant kidney-beans of the dwarf kinds any time this mouth; the rofugee is the best for this time; or, in order to have a regular succession, some may be planted in the beginning, middle and end thereof. The running kinds will also succeed well if planted in the early part of the month. It will, however, be necessary at this time to water the drill, or lay the beans to soak in river or pond. water about five or six hours previous to planting, or if both be done, it will be still better.

The late sown cauliflowers intended for winter use may now be planted out finally, if not done before. In planting this crop, it would be of essential advantage to take opportunity of showery or moist weather, if such should happen in proper time; plant them in rowe two feet and a half asunder, and the same distance in the row; let them be directly watered, and afterwards at times, till they have taken good root.

Continue to sow crops of small salading every eight or ten days, as directed in the former months; but these must now be sown on shady borders, or else be shaded with mats, occasionally, from the mid-day sun, and frequently watered both before and after the plants appear above ground.

Towards the end of this month you may now some carrot seed to raise young roots for the table in autumn and winter. Choose an open situation and light ground, and let the seed be sown imme. diately while the earth is fresh after being dug. When the plunts are up an inch or two, thin them to five or six inhes every way.

This is a proper time to plant out into trenches a fall arop of celery, for autumn and winter use; let this be performed, in every respect, as directed on page 423, which Bee. Seymour's White is exuremely valuable, blanohes very white, and is by most people, who have had the opportunity of cultivating it, preferred to any other the following method of planting out celery may also be practised mbich for the ease of preserving the plants in winter will be found extremely convenient; the same complement of land De land. Lay to ground to or a ride beda, with alleys between of tbree feet; dig the beds a spade deep, tbrowing the eurth noon these allevs: when done. lav four or fye inches of good, well-olled hot hed or other dung all over the bottom of the beds, dig and incorporate it with the loose earth remaining and cover the whole with an inch or an inch and a half of the eart! from the alleys; plant four rows in each bed at equal distances, and eight inches apart in the rows; after which, give them a plenan evergreen shrubs between the rows, to shade them from the sun till well rooted, when the branches are to be taken away.

The plants must be kept free from weeds till grown of a sufficient size for earthing, which is done with the assistance of boards, by laying them along the rows to support the leaves while you are putting in the eart? from the alleya, and removing them as you progress in the busines for the method of preserving the plants in winter see the Kitchen Garden in November. Land or earth up your early crops of celery, first breaking the earth fine with the spade, and then laying it up neatly to both sides, al ways preserving the tops and hearts of the plants free, that. they may continue in growth without any interruption; repeat this earthing at intervals of eight or ten days, till the plants are sufficiently blanched and of proper size for use.

This variety of turnip is the most important of all, and deserves to be ranked in the first class of vegetable productions. of produce, richness of floro nd earemo dardions, renderitiy great importance and give it a pre-eminence over every other kind The best time for sowing is from the twentieth of June to the trentieth of July, according to the season. The ground should be well prepared and manure scattered pretty thickly over it; which done, it should be laid off in ridges about three feet apart, two forrows together, with the plough, and the seed sown on the top. this method you give a double portion of the manure for eaoh row of turnips, and a better opportunity of attending to their after culture.

Wen they are of sufficient growth thin them to the distance of twelve inches apart in the row; they will continue growing and in creasing in size till late in autumn, when, if not used before, thes may be taken up and preserved through the winter, in like manner as other turnips (or permitted to remain in the ground), than which they are more bardy, will keop better, and be as fresh in May 29 at Christmas. The flesh of the root is yellow, sweet, and firm, being nearly twice as heavy as a common turnip of the same size; when dressed for the table it is by most people preferred to the garden turnip, and as wel as the tops is peculiarly grateful to most sorts of cattle.

Skirving s improved is one of the best.

Thin and transplant such lettuces ns were sown last month, water them iminediately after. and repeat it as often as necessary till th plants are well rooted. Juix] Sow more lettuce seed in the beginning, middle, and particularly in the last week of the month, in order to have a regular and constont supply for the table. The white Silesia is the best to sow at this time, as it is not injured by the extreme heat.

n the last week of this month a good crop of spine may afor amnese it will not then sobject to run to cod jn the former months. The round seeded kind is always preferable for summer and autumn service.

Radishes of every kind may be sown in the last reek of this mouth with a good prospect of success; but particularly the whito and black Spanish, or winter sorts, of which you ought to gow a full crop for autumn uso. Sow, likewise, some of. the short-top, salmon, and turnip-rooted radishes; should the season prove any way moist, they will succeed tolerably well. Let all these kinds be now sown on moist loamy ground.

Sow some of the early York, Battersea, and sugar loaf kinds of cabbage for a supply ot young greens during the autumn; to earts of these are very delicious when grown to a tolerable size and are, by many, very much admired; when used in that state they are called coleworts, having totally superseded the true colewori, which was formerly cultivated for boiled salads. Some Bavoy sced may also be sown at this time for a late winter crop.

If you desire to have large artichokes you must, in the first week of this month, if not done in June, in order to encourage the main head, eut of all the suckers or small heads which are produced from the sides of the stems, and these may now be dressed for the table. The maturity of a full grown artichoke is apparent by the oponag of the scales; and it should always be cut off before the flower appears in the centre. As soon as the head or heads are collected from any stem let it be immediately cut down close to the ground. This practice is too often disregarded, but such neglect is utterly wrong; for the stems, i permitted to remain, would greatly impoverish the roots, and injur then much more than is generally imugined.

Where cardoons are in request, and they were not planted out last roth, it should be done quese, art el of this, as directed on page 427.

Collect all kinds of seeds that come to good maturity, cutting of or pulling up the stems with the need thereon as they ripen; and spread them in some airy place there they can receive no vot, in order that the seeds may dr turn them now and then, anc and harden gradually; observing to not to lay such a quantity together ag might bring on a fermentation and hazard the loss of the whole When they are sufficiently dry, beat out and cleon the seeds, and put them by in boxes or bags till wanted.

You may still continue to transplant leeks, as directed on page 424; by this method they will grow to a great size, and be much better for use than if suffered to remain in the seed-beds.

Gather herbs for drying and distilling as they come into flower, and dry them in the shade. Sage, byssop, thyme, lavender, winter savory, and many other kinds may still be propagated by slips of the present year's growth giving them shade and occasional waterings till rooted. Plant them two-thirds of their length into the earth. Gather chamomile, marigold, and such other flowers as may be wanted, and that are now in bloom; spread the flowers in the shado till sufficiently dry, and then put them up in paper baga, do.

in the last week of the month, sow a crop of the early frame: Charloston, or golden hotspur peas. Water the drills, and let the peas be soaked in soft water five or six hours previous to soving Should the season prove moist, you will have a tolerable crop trot these early in September.

In the first reek of this month, if not done before, plant out sul ficient crops of egg-plants, red peppers, and tomatoes, as directo last month: if the wenther ha unfavorable. vive them ande mn mater till well taken with the ground, but on no account delay tae final planting of the egg-plants longer; the red peppers may be tras planted any time in the month, but the earlier this better.

Diligently destroy weeds hofore they seed in ever part of the ground, and immediately carry them avay out of the garden.